1.指南来源（Guide Source）:

NCCN临床实践指南:神经内分泌肿瘤和肾上腺瘤 V3.2025.发布已获NCCN肿瘤学临床实践指南(NCCN指南®)许可。©2025美国国家综合癌症网络公司.保留所有权利。未经NCCN明确的书面许可，不得出于任何目的以任何形式复制NCCN指南®和文中的插图。要查看NCCN指南的最新完整版本，请访问NCCN.org。NCCN指南是一项持续进行的工作，可能会随着新的重要数据的出现而不断完善。 

2.免责声明（Disclaimers）：

NCCN对其内容、使用或应用不做任何形式的担保，并否认以任何方式对其应用或使用承担任何责任。

在下载本篇指南前，请先您详细阅读并同意以下协议：

NCCN内容不得用于商业目的，以及NCCN作为NCCN内容的许可方，不作任何陈述或保证，并明确否认NCCN指南适用于任何特定患者的护理或治疗，任何医院、寻求使用《NCCN指南》治疗患者的临床医生或其他医疗服务提供者(“提供者”)应根据特定患者护理或治疗的具体临床情况做出独立的医疗判断，NCCN不建议、推荐或认可任何提供者(无论是否与被许可方相关)进行任何有偿或无偿的医疗治疗、咨询或服务，也不应因被许可方建议、推荐或认可任何此类提供者的作为或不作为而直接或间接承担责任。详见《NCCN最终用户许可协议》

3.专家名单（Staff）：

*Manisha H. Shah, MD/Chair † The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute
*Whitney S. Goldner, MD/Vice Chair ð Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center 
Al B. Benson, III, MD † Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University 
Emily Bergsland, MD † UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center 
Lawrence S. Blaszkowsky, MD ‡ Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center Pamela Brock, MS D Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute 
Jennifer Chan, MD † Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women’s Cancer Center Satya Das MD, MSCI † Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center 
Paxton V. Dickson, MD ¶ St. Jude Children's Research Hospital/ The University of Tennessee Health Science Center 
Paul Fanta, MD ‡ † UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center 
Thomas Giordano, MD, PhD ≠ University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center 
Thorvardur R. Halfdanarson, MD ‡ Þ † Mayo Clinic Cancer Center Daniel Halperin, MD † The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center 
Jin He, MD, PhD ¶ The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins Anthony Heaney, MD, PhD ð UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center Fouad Kandeel, MD, PhD ð City of Hope National Medical Center 
Arash Kardan, MD ɸ Case Comprehensive Cancer Center/ University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center and Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute 
Syed M. Kazmi, MD † UT Southwestern Simmons Commprehensinve Cancer Center Sajid A. Khan, MD ¶ Yale Cancer Center/Smilow Cancer Hospital 
Edward J. Kim, MD, PhD † UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center 
Boris W. Kuvshinoff, II, MD, MBA ¶ Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center Christopher Lieu, MD † University of Colorado Cancer Center
Kimberly Miller, RN ¥ Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center 
Diane Reidy, MD † Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center 
J. Bart Rose, MD ¶ O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center at UAB 
Shagufta Shaheen, MD † Stanford Cancer Institute 
Heloisa P. Soares, MD, PhD † Huntsman Cancer Institute at the University of Utah Michael C. Soulen, MD ∩ Abramson Cancer Center at the University of Pennsylvania Jonathan R. Strosberg, MD † Moffitt Cancer Center 
Craig R. Sussman, MD ð Þ Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center
Nikolaos A. Trikalinos, MD ‡ † Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes- Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine 
Nataliya V. Uboha, MD, PhD † University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center Namrata Vijayvergia, MD † Fox Chase Cancer Center 
Terence Wong, MD, PhD ɸ ф Duke Cancer Institute 
David B. Zhen, MD † Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center/ Seattle Cancer Care Alliance
NCCN Beth McCullough, RN, BS Cindy Hochstetler, PhD

4.临床试验（Clinical Trials）：

NCCN认为任何癌症患者都可以在临床试验中得到最佳治疗，因此特别鼓励患者参与临床试验。 寻找NCCN成员组：https://www.nccn.org/home/member-institutions

5.NCCN对证据和共识分类（ NCCN Categories of Evidence and Consensus）：

推荐均为2A类，除非另有说明，请参见下表：

6.NCCN首选分类（ NCCN Categories of Preference）：

所有建议均视为合理，请参见下表：